Blaustein, A.R. and P.T.J. Johnson. 2003. The complexity of deformed amphibians. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 1:87-94. PDF

Blaustein, A.R. and P.T.J. Johnson. 2003. Explaining frog deformities. Scientific American 288:60-65.  PDF. Click here for something REALLY DEFORMED!!!

Blaustein, A.R., J.M. Kiesecker, D.P. Chivers and R.G. Anthony. 1997. Ambient UV-B radiation causes deformities in amphibian embryos. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 94:13735-13737.   PDF

Johnson, P.T.J., E.R. Preu , D.R. Sutherland, J.M. Romansic, B. Han, A.R. Blaustein. 2006. Adding infection to injury: synergistic effects of predation and parasitism on amphibian malformations. Ecology 87:2227-2235 PDF

Johnson, P.T.J., K.B. Lunde, E.M. Thurman, E.G. Ritchie, S.N. Wray, D.R. Sutherland, J.M. Kapfer, T.J. Frest, J. Bowerman and A.R. Blaustein. 2002. Parasite (Ribeiroia ondatrae) infection linked to amphibian malformations in the western United States . Ecological Monographs 72:151-168. PDF

Johnson, P.T.J., K.B. Lunde, R.W. Haight, J Bowerman, and A.R. Blaustein. 2001. Ribeiroia ondatrae (Trematoda: Digenea) infection induces severe limb malformations in western toads (Bufo boreas). Canadian Journal of Zoology 79: 370–379. PDF